Solar System

Solar System And Universe

Solar system is collection of celestial bodies that consists of : Sun, planet, asteroid, meteor and comet. Another celestial bodies that found in solar system move orbiting the sun so the sun is their center.

Theory of Formation of Solar System

In the following is mentioned theory that support the occurrence of solar system stated by several experts.

1. Kant’s Theory

This theory is stated by Immanuel Kant from Germany (1724-2804). According to Kant’s theory:
“That solar system comes from one gas ball of high temperature and rotates slowly. The slow rotation causes the formation of matter concentration that has high specific weight. The concentration is called core, the big one lies in the middle, while the smaller part is found around earth’s core. Because of cooling process, the core with small volume becomes planets, while the core that has big volume becomes sun.”

2. Nebular Hypothesis

This theory is stated by a French astronomer that is Piere Simon Laplace (1749-1827). According to Laplace:
“Our solar system comes from gas ball (nebula) that has high temperature and rotates fast. Because of fast rotation, some of the fog or gass ball mass escape. The part that is escaped keep rotates, because the influence of cooling longer changes to be planets.”

3. Planetesimal Theory

The theory is stated by Moulton, an astronomer, and Chamberlain, a geologist. Both are American. According to planetisimal theory:
”That in fog is found dense material that scatters called planetesimal. This dense material that then attract each other among them, because of attraction force of each part, longer big clump is formed called Planet.”

4. Riptide Theory

This theory is stated by Jeans and Jeffery (1917), both are british scientist. According to riptide theory:
“That in ancient time, near the sun, passed a big star. Because the attraction force of the star, some of sun’s mass form lump to the direction of that star. Then together with movement away of that star, that lump of sun’s mass is attracted also forms cigar, then it is escaped from the sun. the mass of gas formed then is interrupted forms giant drop with various sizes. That gas drom longer freezes forming a planet.”

5. Proto Planet Theory

This theory is stated by Carl Von Weizsaecker, G.P.Kupier and Subrahmanyan Chandarasekhar. According to Proto Planet Theory:
“That around the sun is found gas fog that form lumps and periodically becomes dense lump. The gas lump is called Proto Planet.”

The History of Earth’s Surface

The History of Development of Earth’s Surface

The shape of Earth surface is various and each of it passes difference process. The difference of the process among other are influenced by power and time. The Earth is a planet that has certain characteristic, so it enables the presence of life.

Our Earth was formed about 4.6 billion years ago together with the formation of one solar system called the solar family. One theory called Nebular Hypothesis tells the story in 3 phases:

1. Sun and another planets are still in the form of gas, it is very dense and big fog.
2. The fog rotating and twisting strongly, where the coagulation happens in the center of the circle that then forms the sun. at the same time, another material formed becomes mass that is smaller than the sun that is called planet, it moves revolving the sun.
3. Those materials grow more larger and keep doing movement regularly revolving the sun in one fixed orbit and form the composition of the Solar family.



Earth is one member planet of our solar system. The occurrence process of the Earth is equal to the sun. Because of its volume is smaller than the sun, its formation process is faster. In formation process of Earth, it happens separation base on to its mass. The heavy part forms core that is called barisphere, while the lighter part forms Earth’s crust or often called lithosphere.

In cooling process that reaches 100 Celsius, it happens condensation, then happens rain, after that the rain water fills the lower parts of Earth and forms watery layer called hydrosphere. Besides lithosphere and hydrosphere, the Earth is also covered by air layer or atmosphere and life layer called biosphere.

In carbon era, the continents unite form the big continent called pangae that in Greek means “the whole world”. Since 1900, geologists have known that outer part of Earth’s crust floats on the soft inner layer.